Matthew 27 Sorrow versus Repentance
Judas betrayed Jesus. But that was not an unpardonable sin, any more than Peter's sin of denying Jesus was unpardonable. Judas saw what happened to Jesus, and he was "filled with remorse." (27:3) Peter also had wept bitterly over his sin. (26:75) What was the difference? Paul tells us that "godly sorrow leads to repentance," (2 Corinthians 10:7) while ungodly sorrow simply leads to remorse. Repentance leads to salvation, and mere remorse leads to death. How can I know the difference?
Evidently not through making restitution (only). Judas brought the money back, (27:3) so that he would not have the profit in his hands that he had made at Jesus' expense. Even when they refused it, he left it anyway. (27:5) It is good to restore what was taken, but that does not lead to salvation.
Evidently not through confessing sin (only), either. Judas confessed that he had betrayed an innocent man, (27:4) and that he had sinned. The Bible tells me that if I confess my sins, God is faithful and just, and will forgive my sins and cleanse me of all unrighteousness, (1 John 1:9) so it is good to confess, but that alone does not lead to salvation.
What Judas lacked was true repentance. Judas never turned around, didn't change direction, had no change of heart, refused to change. He felt incredible sorrow, but it only led to his death, not to salvation and life.
I see sorrowful people in the news nearly every day, people who have committed a crime and who, afterward, have felt very sorry. I have known several people who "find religion" the day before they go before the court to be sentenced for a wrongdoing. Many a preacher has gone to court with a new "convert" to testify to the genuine change of heart he sees. In my callousness, I see the predictable pattern, and I measure the fruit, and I say that most of those changes were shallow and temporary, brought on by the sorrow or fear of being punished, but no real change took place.
There have been many times in my life when I have also had remorse for sin. There have been many times when I have done wrong, and have said so. But in my confession, I have not changed. I really have no hope of never doing that thing again, because my past tells me I will fall again. Remorse without repentance is dead, being by itself, you might say.
"Oh, what a creep I am! Wretched man! I can't stand myself! I think everyone would just be better off without me. Maybe I should just kill myself to show how much I loathe myself." This is perhaps the most selfish cycle of thought possible! I heard it said somewhere that suicide is the most selfish act there is, and at the time it struck me as odd, because it seemed to be a self-hating act, not self-loving. Yet here I see that Judas was stuck in his own self-flaggelation, without ever looking to see where his help might come from.
Paul got to a similar place of loathing his sin in Romans 7, and at first he sounds much like the self-talk above: "Wretched man that I am!" But then he turns an all-important corner and asks, "Who will deliver me from this body of sin and death?" He looked unto the hills, and found that there was hope, not in himself trying to do better, but in the absolute forgiveness and merciful grace of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ. The answer to his question, "Who will deliver me?" is this: "Thanks be to God through Christ Jesus our Lord. There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus." (Romans 8:1)
Peter could have stayed in godless sorrow for his failure. But Jesus pursued His friend, gave him special word about His resurrection, told him ahead of time to focus on others, and at last fully restored him with three questions about Peter's love for Him (even though He called him by his old name Simon) and His calling on Peter's life. There was hope, there was a change, and there was healing. Peter always carried around invoice from his great debt to Jesus, and he regularly visited his hall of shame when telling his testimony. But that invoice of his great debt had PAID IN FULL written in bold, red letters across the sheet, and it looked vastly different now. It could have been that way for Judas, but Judas was selfish from the start and stayed that way, even in his confession.
"LORD, I can see it in Judas, and I don't want to be there in my own life. When I recognize sin, I want to confess it and make restitution, if possible, but with the aim of genuine repentance, not just feeling sorry (sorrow) for myself. Change my heart, O God, and make me new. Never let me stay wallowing in self-pity and self-loathing, but always look to You for my salvation. I accept Your offer through Jesus Christ, my Lord and my Savior. Amen."
-ker